What court case established that inmates have the right to basic health care?

The court case that established inmates have the right to basic health care is Estelle vs. Gamble. In this landmark decision, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the deliberate indifference to an inmate's serious medical needs constitutes cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment. This case arose from an inmate's claim that he did not receive adequate medical care for his injuries. The Court emphasized that prisons are required to provide medical care to inmates and that denying such care can result in serious health consequences, thereby infringing on their constitutional rights. This ruling set a precedent for the treatment of inmates, affirming that access to necessary healthcare is a fundamental aspect of humane treatment within correctional facilities.